To prevent downloading and running software that might infect your system with a virus, see the section "Preventing Infection by Viruses" earlier in this chapter. For each zone, you can set exactly which remote operations you're willing to perform. Don't change the access level of this zone to grant higher access.ĭownloaded ActiveX controls and other executable objects can and should be signed by their authors, using a certificate scheme similar to that used for validating remote servers.įor each of the four zones into which a web page can fall, you can set the security to high, medium, medium-low, or low. Objects from this zone are given the lowest level of access to your computer. Restricted Sites Includes the sites that you have listed as untrustworthy.
Objects from this zone generally are given the highest level of access to your computer. Trusted Sites Includes the sites that you or Microsoft have listed as trustworthy. They're usually considered fairly trustworthy, and objects are given a medium level of access to your computer. Local Intranet Contains computers on your local network. Objects from this zone generally are given the medium level of access to your computer. Internet Includes all sites that are not in one of the other three zones. To determine who to trust, Internet Explorer divides the world into four zones: Instead, it asks you whether you trust its author. It doesn't consider what the control intends to do or what privileges it requests on your system (rewriting files, for example). For example, when a web page wants to run an ActiveX control on your machine, Internet Explorer verifies who wrote the control (Microsoft, for example) and that it hasn't been tampered with. Internet Explorer's security policy is based on trust, and the decisions that you make involve who to trust and who not to trust.
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However, ActiveX controls are programs with full access to your computer's resources. Java applets and JavaScript scripts are run in a "sandbox" inside your browser, which limits the accidental or deliberate damage they can do and VBScript scripts are run by an interpreter, which should limit the types of damage they can do. CautionĪctiveX controls are considerably more dangerous than JavaScript or VBScript scripts or Java applets. When Internet Explorer encounters a web page that uses ActiveX controls, it checks to see whether that particular control is already installed if it is not, Internet Explorer installs the control on your machine. Unlike Java and JavaScript, ActiveX is a Microsoft system that is not used by Mozilla Firefox except in some work done by the Mozilla ActiveX Project (). NET) can do, too, and vice versa.ĪctiveX controls, like Java, are a way to embed executable programs into a web page. Anything that VBScript can do, JavaScript (which Microsoft calls JScript. VBScript, a language that resembles Microsoft's Visual Basic, can be used to add scripts to pages that are displayed by Internet Explorer. JavaScript is a language for embedding small programs called scripts in web pages. Java is a language for developing small applications (called applets) that can be downloaded over the Web, so that they can be executed by your computer. You can also define custom access permissions, if the three standard settings don't meet your needs. Internet Explorer defines three levels of object access (low, medium, and high) to give varying amounts of access to your computer. Internet Explorer's downloaded-object security allows you to decide, based on both the web site where an object came from and the type of object, whether to retrieve an object and, once it's retrieved, what to do with it. Internet Explorer takes certain precautions automatically, and gives you the option to choose additional precautions. If web sites can put useful programs on your computer and run them without informing you, precautions must be taken to make sure that they can't also put harmful programs on your computer. While these programs are useful, they also create security issues. Many entertainment and business web sites take advantage of interactive technologies like Adobe Flash, Java, JavaScript, and ActiveX. Internet Explorer can retrieve a wide variety of files and objects, ranging from innocuous plain text files and images to potentially destructive executable programs.
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